What Is BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Testing?
Most cancer happens by chance. Just 5% to 10% of breast and ovarian cancers are caused by inherited genes. Most of these are caused by a mutation in one of the BRCA genes, called BRCA1 or BRCA2.
These genes are found in every cell in each person's body. Their job is to protect the cell's DNA from damage. If someone has a mutation in one of these genes, his or her risk to develop breast and ovarian cancer is higher. Both mother and father can pass down BRCA mutations to their children.
Having a BRCA mutation doesn't mean that you will automatically develop breast or ovarian cancer. But, it does increase your risk for these cancers. Each person's risk depends on many factors, and a BRCA mutation is a strong risk factor. There are genetic tests which look for these mutations in high-risk individuals.
If you have a BRCA mutation, you can:
- Take steps to lower your chance of developing cancer
- Work with your doctor to create a plan for early detection and risk reduction
- If you are diagnosed with cancer, decide on the most effective treatments
- Help your family members know their own risk by sharing your test result with them
